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Water Saving Irrigation for Rice and Its Effect on Environment
Mao Zhi
Strategic Study of CAE 2002, Volume 4, Issue 7, Pages 8-16
Rice is one of the most important food crops contributing about 40% of the total food grain production in China. Out of about 110 million hectares of area sown food crops, 28% is covered by rice. Since 1980s, the shortage of water resources has become an important problem for agricultural production in rice planing areas and many water saving regimes for rice have been tested, advanced, applied and spread in different regions of China. In this paper, based on the results of experiment and the experience of spread of these new irrigation regimes, the following four main kinds of water saving irrigation regimes in China have been classified viz. (1) combining shallow water depth with “wetting” and “dry” (SWD), (2) alternate wetting and drying (AWD) ,(3) semi-dry cultivation (SDC) and (4) rainwater storage (RS). The standards of field water control and potential of saving water, increasing rice yield and water productivity of these regimes are introduced and explained. The selection and attention points of application for the four regimes are presented and the causes of sustainable saving water and increase in water productivity and the environmental impacts by adopting these regimes are analyzed and discussed.
Keywords： rice water saving irrigation irrigation regime potential of water-saving enviromental impact
Technical Trend and R&D Focus of Modern Water-saving Agriculture
Wu Pute,Feng Hao,Niu Wenquan,Zhao Xining
Strategic Study of CAE 2007, Volume 9, Issue 2, Pages 12-18
Based on analyzing research achievements and technical trend of modern water-saving agriculture in China, combining technical development and demand on modern water-saving agriculture, the author suggested five of technical research emphases on modern water-saving agriculture in the future, including the biological water-saving technique,inferior water resources development technique, water-saving irrigation technique and equipment, dryland water high-efficient agriculture, and the regional development mode of water saving in field for water-saving agriculture.
Keywords： biological water-saving technique inferior water resources water-saving irrigation technique
Yao Mu
Strategic Study of CAE 2009, Volume 11, Issue 4, Pages 14-16
To meet the requirements of saving energy and water and reducing discharge and consumption, surface active agents have developed greatly and innovatively in recent years. In this paper, the main applications and the categories of surface active agent were introduced. In addition, the applications of surface active agents in dyeing, printing, degumming and sizing were analyzed in detail.
Keywords： textile industry surface active agent save energy reduce discharge
Water,Water resources and Saving water in Agriculture
Liu Gengling
Strategic Study of CAE 2000, Volume 2, Issue 7, Pages 39-42
The Characteristics of water and the issue of water resources in China are mainly discussed in the paper. The viewpoint that the situation of water resources in China cann´t be judged simplily by the amount of average yearly precipitation, and the exploitation and utilization of water resources depend on the humen´s control and management are expounded. In general the water resources in China is enough for using, its unbalnced distribution in space-time is the most problem. Lots of experiences about bringing water under control and using water were accumulated by the Chinese farmers in thousand-years-histroy´s practice. Saving water in agriculture is very important,the key measure is to advocate “decentralized storage and decentralized utilization of water” so that the loss and pollutiion of runoff can be controled. In order to raise the efficiency of water use,a series of research and practical work needs to be carried out.
Keywords： water water resources saving water in agriculture decentralized storage of water
Some Issues on Water-saving and High-efficiency Farming of China
Sun Xuetao
Strategic Study of CAE 2002, Volume 4, Issue 9, Pages 24-30
Would the foods of China be sufficient to support the need of 1.6 billion people? The answer to this question depends on the possibility of relying on the existing 400 billion m3 of irrigation water to increase grain output from the 500 million tons to 700 million tons in the future while meeting the water demand of other crops. In order to achieve the strategic goal, water-saving and high-efficiency farming must be built without any doubt. However, for a long time, emphasis was laid on the engineering works of irrigation projects while slighting their management, on the construction of main projects while slighting the timely completion of related supplementary works, on the irrigation while slighting drainage on the farms. By analyzing the current irrigated farming, the author draws a conclusion that all these problems remained unsolved are because of shortcomings in the management system, investment mechanism and price policy, and gives some reforming suggestions in the paper. It is also analyzed that great effort should be paid on the improvement of the traditional farming to pave the way for restructuring agriculture of China.
Keywords： irrigation drainage salinization farming water-saving
Huang Xiuqiao and Wang Jinglei
Strategic Study of CAE 2012, Volume 14, Issue 3, Pages 46-53
Based on collecting the data of utilization status of water resources and water-saving agricultural development in Henan Province, and considering the effects of engineering measures, agronomic practices and management measures etc., the water-saving potential in different hydrological years and a feasibility of implementing semi-arid agriculture in Henan Province were analyzed. Finally, the specific technical measures to develop semiarid agriculture in different subareas of Henan Province were put forward
Keywords： water saving potential semi-arid agriculture Henan Province
Du Zhendong and Huang Qian
Strategic Study of CAE 2012, Volume 14, Issue 3, Pages 54-58
Based on the analysis of status of water resources and achievement of agricultural water-saving development in Shandong Province, the feasibility of developing semi-arid agriculture was investigated with combination of the irrigation experimental results in national “863” project.
Keywords： semi-arid Shandong Province agricultural water-saving
Fu Qiang
Strategic Study of CAE 2002, Volume 4, Issue 6, Pages 44-55
The author applies covertly and macroscopically the SPAC theory model to the water saving system of well irrigation rice in Sanjiang Plain. Several sub-systems have been taken as a whole large system, such as groundwater, machine well, sunning water pool, channel, field, environment and so on. Through applying modern building models and optimization technique, the author analyzes the mechanism and theory of each subsystem, some mathematical models about groundwater, sunning water pool, channel, water production function, water requirement and available rainfall have been built. At last, through designing the typical demonstration area, the author combines several water-saving techniques into a whole system. Thus, the goal of raising water temperature 5～15℃ , saving water 17.1% and increasing yield 700 ～1 000 kg/hm2 canbe reached.
Keywords： building models optimization Sanjiang Plain well irrigation rice system
Liu Gengyuan, Hu Junmei, Yang Zhifeng
Strategic Study of CAE 2019, Volume 21, Issue 5, Pages 120-129 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2019.05.007
An energy-water coupling model is established in this paper based on long-range energy alternatives planning (LEAP)
and water evaluation and planning (WEAP), scenarios are then designed to explore the energy- and water-saving effects of different
policies in Beijing in the future and their coupling effects, and sensitivity analysis of the results is also conducted. Results show that the total energy consumption in Beijing will grow gradually by year, while water shortage is unlikely to occur. During the 13th Five-Year Plan, the total energy-saving amount owing to water-saving policies is 1.003 million tonnes of standard coal, and the total water-saving amount owing to energy-saving policies has reached 276 million cubic meters. The energy demand and water demand by residents’living, the service industry, the construction industry, and the traditional manufacturing industry are correlated, as they are critical energy-water coupling sectors. In terms of energy- and water-saving effects in different scenarios and periods, the industrial structure optimization policy shows great energy-saving potentials in the short term, while irrigation technology innovation and planting structure optimization in the agricultural sector have both good energy- and water-saving effects in the short term. A coordinated energy- and water-saving effect can be found in energy-saving scenarios in the service industry and the industrial sector. As for policies in the same sector, regulation on energy use intensity can achieve an obvious coordinated energy- and water-saving effect.
Keywords： urban and rural areas in Beijing energy and water-saving policy coupling analysis
Study on Intelligent Decision - making Support System for Water Saving Irrigation Management
Wang Zhinong,Lü Hongxing,Wang Mixia,Xiong Yunzhang,Ma Xiaoyi
Strategic Study of CAE 2001, Volume 3, Issue 7, Pages 48-53
By using the techniques of expert system of artificial intelligence, three different water saving irrigation management decision-making support systems have been developed and integrated, namely Irrigation forecast and decision making of water saving irrigation, planning water use and water distribution in an irrigation district, and management system reform in irrigation district. Meanwhile, the theoretic basis, systems structures and practica applications and the crop drought decision making in Shanxi Province are introduced. The research, development, spread and application of water saving irrigation management intelligent decision-making support system will promote the transfer of the traditional agriculture to modern one, and open a new way for sending the high and advanced agricultural technology to hundreds of millions of farmers.
Keywords： irrigation forecast water saving irrigation irrigation management intelligent decision-making support system
Shan Lun,Wu Pute ,Kang Shaozhong, Feng Hao ,Zhang Suiqi
Strategic Study of CAE 2011, Volume 13, Issue 4, Pages 37-42
Starting from fully excavating the potential of various agricultural water resources in the Huang Huai Hai Region, the achievement, experience and existing problems about agricultural water saving were summarized. It was proposed that by implementing semi dryland farming, developing simultaneously irrigated lands and dry lands on the basis of full utilization of local natural rainfall, and saving the large amount of irrigation water is an important approach for resolving serious water resources shortage and meanwhile for achieving sustainable growth of agricultural production in this region. Dryland farming, irrigated farming and semi dryland farming will exist at the same time as the new structure of agricultural water use in this region. By implementing these measures, field irrigation water consumption in this region is expected to reduce more than 30 % in around 2020 and take the lead in realizing the modernization of agricultural water system.
Keywords： The Huang Huai Hai Region agricultural water saving semi dryland farming water resources potential
On the New Thought Concerning Water-related Human Activities
Li Peicheng
Strategic Study of CAE 2000, Volume 2, Issue 2, Pages 5-9
Based on the summing up the past experience and looking for the future, the author advances some new thought on water-related human activities in the new century, and cites enormous cases and data to testify them and holds that in the water-related human activities in the 21st century, the relationships among human activities, water-body dynamic states, ecological environment, economic development and social progress should be properly dealt with. Their relationships can be called as： human-water-environment-development-society relationship for short. Furthermore the author considers that it is important to master the long-term effect of human water-related activities and other productive activities upon water-body dynamics as well as the inverse actions. Water-saving and water quality protection should be put in the first and important position of water-related human activities. Research, exploration and utilization of waters in atmosphere and sea should be intensified. Afforestation and protection of existing forest, — the “green reservoir” should be regarded as decisive measures to protect and restore water sources, which should be put into the implementation. The relationship among farmland, forest and water-cover area should be properly dealt with, in which the area of water-cover should be protected and enlarged properly. Also, marsh must be properly protected, and great concerns must be shown for small streams and small waterbodies. In the future water-related human activities, the human beings should adapt to and take advantage of the nature rather than against it, make full use of information technologies of various kinds to establish “informative water resources” Through understanding and mastering of hydrome-terological phenomena, set up adjustable agriculture 一 “strainable agriculture”，thereby find proper strategic to save water in the sectors with high water-consuming while obtaining enough agriculture produces.
Keywords： water-related activities water-saving water protection new thought
The Good Social Cycle of Water and the City Water Resource
Li Guibai,Li Xing
Strategic Study of CAE 2001, Volume 3, Issue 6, Pages 37-40
The solution ways of the crisis of the city water resource shortage are discussed from the viewpoint of whole processe of social cycle of water. It is pointed out that the possible ways to pass the crisis of city water resource are as follows ： treatment and reuse of urban wastewater and industrial wastewater, saving water, pollutant removal treatment of drinking water, good quality water for effective use, reasonable allocation of water, utilization of rainwater and seawater, and long distance transfer of water on the basis of full demonstration.
Keywords： city water resource good social cycle of water saving water reuse of urban and industrial wastewater
Gathers flows the separation formula irrigation pattern research and the practice
Zhang Jianghui,Zhou Heping,Xu Xiaobo,Yao Xinhua
Strategic Study of CAE 2008, Volume 10, Issue 9, Pages 25-30
Gathers flows the separation formula irrigation is a new water-saving irrigation pattern, which is based on the characteristic and request that thinly plants the fruit-growing class industrial crop needs water and is proposed on the basis of innovation technical experiment and practice in recent years. This paper summarized the basic idea of gathers flows the separation formula irrigation pattern, elaborated the key technologies of gathers flows the irrigation system, and that is gathers flows the separation formula douche, analyzed the comprehensive technical effect of gathers flows the separation formula irrigation pattern, including saving water to increase production, conserving energy and consumption, raising irrigation water temperature and solving the problem of irrigation unlevelness in low head conditions and pointed out the main problems which should be focused in future.
Keywords： water-saving agriculture gathers flows the separation irrigation pattern innovation research practice
Using drip irrigation of water and fertilizer for synergic development of industry and agriculture
An Di,Wang Tingjie and Jin Yong
Strategic Study of CAE 2015, Volume 17, Issue 5, Pages 120-125
The low efficiency of fertilizer utilization in China has resulted in severe nonpoint source pollution. Meanwhile， there exists a severe problem of water shortage and large amount of water consumption in agriculture. A way of facility agriculture based on drip irrigation of water and fertilizer technology for high-efficient development of industry and agriculture was proposed. The nutrients and water could be quantitatively fed to crops by using drip irrigation technology， which can increase the utilization efficiency of fertilizer， irrigation efficiency of water and crop yields. Using drip irrigation of filtered biogas slurry could take advantage of livestock manure and crop straw and improve rural ecological environment. The CO2 discharged from industry could be transported into the greenhouse after harmless treatment which can provide the carbon for crops. The wide application of drip irrigation technology can increase the demand of （poly vinyl chloride） PVC， which can release a part of the over production capacity of PVC and promote the development of chlor-alkali industry. Besides， renting and recycling of drip irrigation equipment can improve the industrial chain. This is an efficient way for the synergic development of industry and agriculture.
Keywords： fertilizer；water conservation；utilization efficiency；drip irrigation；PVC
Title Author Date Type Operation
Technical Trend and R&D Focus of Modern Water-saving Agriculture
Wu Pute,Feng Hao,Niu Wenquan,Zhao Xining
Journal Article
Development of surface active agent for textiles and its role in saving energy and water and reducing discharge and consumption
Yao Mu
Journal Article
Agricultural water saving potential and feasibility analysis of implementing semiarid agriculture in Henan Province
Huang Xiuqiao and Wang Jinglei
Journal Article
Achievement of agricultural water saving and feasibility of developing semi arid agriculture in Shandong Province
Du Zhendong and Huang Qian
Journal Article
Study on the Modern Building Models & Optimum Technique——Application of Water Saving System for Well Irrigation Rice in Sanjiang Plain
Fu Qiang
Journal Article
Analysis of Medium- and Long-term Coupling Effect of Energy- and Water-Saving Policies in Urban and Rural Areas in Beijing
Liu Gengyuan, Hu Junmei, Yang Zhifeng
Journal Article
Study on Intelligent Decision - making Support System for Water Saving Irrigation Management
Wang Zhinong,Lü Hongxing,Wang Mixia,Xiong Yunzhang,Ma Xiaoyi
Journal Article
Study on agricultural water saving countermeasures and feasibility of implementing semi-dryland farming in the Huang-Huai-Hai Region
Shan Lun,Wu Pute ,Kang Shaozhong, Feng Hao ,Zhang Suiqi
Journal Article
Gathers flows the separation formula irrigation pattern research and the practice
Zhang Jianghui,Zhou Heping,Xu Xiaobo,Yao Xinhua
Journal Article
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